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0. P. LOOMIS 8: G. A. PIERCE.

ELECTROMAGNETIC WINDING.

No. 540,323. Patented June 4, 1895.

WITNESSES: INV NTORS.

[ 4 J J /l ATTORNEYS.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

OSBORN P. LOOMIS, OF BOUND BROOK, NEIV JERSEY, AND CHARLES A. PIERCE, OFLYNN, MASSACHUSETTS.

ELECTROMAGNETIC WINDING.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 540,323, dated June 4,1895. Application filed March 9, 1895- Serial No. 541,115. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that we, OSBORN P. Looms, residing at Bound Brook, Somersetcounty, and State of New Jersey, and CHARLES A. PIERCE, residing atLynn, Essex county, and State of Massachusetts, citizens of the UnitedStates, have invented certain new and useful Improvements inElectromagnetic Windings, of which the following is such a full, clear,and exact description as will enable any one skilled in the art to whichit appertains to make and use the same, reference being had to theaccompanying drawings, forming part of this specification.

In the use of cylindrical wire for windings or coils of electro-magnetsit is, of course, impossible to avoid wasting a certain amount of spaceby reason of the cross-sectional shape of the wire, and the larger thediameter of the wire the greater will be the interstitial spaces andaccordingly the greater the waste of space. This is especially true inthe case of windings of compound coils of dynamo electric machines,where it is necessary to have the cross-section of the conductor asgreat as possible in order to keep down resistance and thereby preventexcessive loss in energy in regulation. here coarse wire is used, it isvery troublesome to wind and moreover causes a great deal of wastespace, thereby necessitating a much larger coil, and in building dynamosit is quite often desirable to have this coil take up as little room aspossible. For this reason it has been known that it would be a desirablething to be able to wind copper strips on edge, but such a thing is apractical impossibility where the tape or strip is a continuous andintegral piece. By our invention we provide ametallic tape that can bewound in turns or coils of any desired shape and'there is practically noWaste space whatever.

WVe have illustrated types of our invention in the accompanyingdrawings, wherein- Figure 1 is a perspective view of one of ourrectangular-shaped windings, the turns of which are opened or spread outin order to show more clearly its construction. In this view the layerof insulating material or paper for insulating the juxtaposed turns ofthe windin g is omitted for the sake of clearness.

Fig. 2 is an edge view of the rectangular coil shown in Fig. l with theinterposed layers of paper for insulating the turns of the winding,which are closed flatly upon each other in the manner in which it isused. Fig. 3 is a perspective View of one of our spiral windings orcoils. Fig. am a diagrammatic view here inafter referred to.

Referring to the drawings, in which like numbers of reference indicatelike parts throughout, 2 is a sectional metallic tape of copper forinstance, composed of sets of metallic strips 3 and 4 secured flatlytogether with their fiat sides in intimate contact and with their endsnon-coincident so that the end 5 of one stripmay project beyond andoverhang the adjacent end 6, of its juxtaposed strip and each of theoverhanging ends 5 of one set may form a smooth overlapping joint withthe overhanging ends 5, of the contiguous set of strips, as clearlyindicated in the drawings.

In Figs. 1 and 2, the winding shown is of a rectangular form in planview, and the sets of strips are electrically connected with each otherat right angles so that the end 6 of the strip of one set makes contactwith the side edges of the overhanging end 5 of the nextset of strips,on a line indicated at '7, Fig. 1. As the total cross-section of thestrips composing each set is substantially the same, the outer fiatfaces of contiguous sets are in the same plane thereby forming apractically continuous and unbroken surface which presents no unevenseams or joints.

In Fig. 3 we have shown a spiral coil orhelix in which the strips 3 andtcomposing the sets of each section of the metallic tape, aresemi-circular shaped pieces of metal, such as copper, placed flatlytogether with their ends non-coincident and forming a smooth lapjoint-the ends of the respective strips of the connected sets comingtogether end to end upon lines indicated at S and 9, in said figure. Ifpreferred, the winding maybe made in a form that is elliptical in planinstead of circular or rectangular as herewith shown, though theparticular shape of the turns of the winding is a matter that may bevaried to suit the particular conditions that may arise.

Between the turns of the windings is arranged a layer of suitableinsulating, material 10, such, for instance, as paper, in order tocompletely insulate each turn from the other. When now the sectionaltape is formed into the desired winding and the turns are properlyinsulated from each other the coil or winding is pressed together so asto bring the turns and the insulating layer 10, flatly against eachother, as shown in Figs. 2 and 3, and it will be observed that undersuch conditions there is no waste space whatsoever. Thus the practicaleffect is that of a continuous metallic tape wound on edge.

The strips of each set forming a section are practically of the samelength, that is to say, where a section is composed of two strips suchas 3 and 4, each of said two strips is of practically the same length.However, this is a matter of preference, as each set maybe composed of ashort and a long strip, the latter of which provides the overhangingends, as shown in a diagrammatic view in Fig. 4.

While each of the strips is shown as of the same cross-sectional area itwill be noted that this construction need not be adhered to in carryingout the invention, for one strip of a set may be thicker than itsjuxtaposed one, in which case precaution must be taken to have thethicker strip overlap the thinner one, in order to make the compositestrip of practically uniform thickness at the joint as well asthroughout the body thereof.

In practice we solder the strips together at the overlapping ends, butthey may be united in any well known way which will serve to join thesections securely together and at the same time keep the juxtaposedstrips in close contact. g

It will be noted that in our improved winding the joints are formedsimply by overlapping the ends of the strips which do not have to be cutor in any way peculiarly formed for the purpose of such joints. Byvirtue of this simple construction the winding may be manufactured verycheaply.

When the coil or winding is made upin the manner described with itslayer of insulating material interposed between the turns thereof, asshown in Figs. 2 and 3, it is wrapped in cloth in the usual manner inorder to complete it and it is then ready to be placed on the dynamomagnet. This described winding makes one of veryv low resistance and itpossesses great radiating properties so that it readily dissipates whatlittle energy there may be produced in it.

The coil, or winding can be made of any capacitythat may be desired andits sections may be composed of any desired number of strips though wehave shown the use of but two, each of which is one-half thecross-sectional area required.

We desire to be understood as not limiting ourselves to the specificconstructions herewith shown, as the same may be modified withoutdeparting from the spirit of the invention.

Having thus-described our invention, what we claim, and desire to secureby Letters Patent, is-

1. A winding or coil for an electro-magnet comprising a sectional tapecomposed of sets of strips of metal, the strips of each set being placedflatly together with the ends of adjacent strips non-coincident andoverhanging, said sets of strips being connected together at theoverhanging ends and forming smooth lap-joints with each other,substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

2. A winding or coil for an electro-magnet comprising a tape composed ofsets of strips of metal arranged end to end, the strips of each setbeing of practically uniform dimensions and placed flatly together withthe ends non-coincident so that one end of the strip projects beyond theadjacent end of its juxtaposed strip and the projecting ends of the setsof strips form smooth lap-joints with each other, substantially as andfor the purpose set forth.

comprising a sectional tape composed of sets of strips of metal,thestrips of each set being placed flatly together, said sets of stripsbeing connected together at Tthe overhanging ends and forming smoothlap-j oints with each other and wound on edge, substantially as and forthe purpose set forth.

4. A winding or coil for an electro-magnet comprising a sectional tapecomposed of sets of strips of metal, such as 3 and 4, placed flatlytogether with their respective ends 5 and 6, non-coincident and joinedtogether so as to form smooth overlapping joints,substantially as andfor the purpose set forth.

In testimony whereof We have hereunto set our hands, this 7th day ofMarch, 1895, in the presence of the two subscribing witnesses.

OSBORN P. LOOHIS. CHAS. A. PIERCE. Witnesses:

JOHN L. HALYBURTON, E. O. KNAPP.

3. A winding or coil for an electro-magnet a

